{"id":606,"date":"2021-06-15T18:49:20","date_gmt":"2021-06-15T18:49:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vyladto.cz\/?p=606"},"modified":"2023-10-13T16:40:43","modified_gmt":"2023-10-13T16:40:43","slug":"palmovy-olej-zachrani-jeho-omezovani-zivotni-prostredi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nutricnipodpora.cz\/?p=606","title":{"rendered":"Palmov\u00fd olej: zachr\u00e1n\u00ed jeho omezov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dopad palmov\u00e9ho oleje<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jeliko\u017e plant\u00e1\u017ee palmov\u00e9ho oleje maj\u00ed o 65 % men\u0161\u00ed rozmanitost p\u0159\u00edrody (biodiversitu) ne\u017e p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed lesy, je jeho produkce kritizov\u00e1na kv\u016fli odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a nahrazov\u00e1n\u00ed plant\u00e1\u017eemi pro produkci palmov\u00e9ho oleje. A nejen to; zv\u00ed\u0159ata nemaj\u00ed kde \u017e\u00edt a vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed plant\u00e1\u017e\u00ed ni\u010d\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed. Produkce palmov\u00e9ho oleje se mezi lety 1980 \u2013 2014 zv\u00fd\u0161ila a\u017e patn\u00e1ctkr\u00e1t a nelze se domn\u00edvat, \u017ee se s na\u0161\u00ed vzr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed populac\u00ed bude sni\u017eovat, ba naopak. Ale pom\u016f\u017eeme si omezov\u00e1n\u00edm palmov\u00e9ho oleje?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Palmov\u00fd olej je svou strukturou v\u00fdhodn\u00fd v potravin\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed u polev, su\u0161enek nebo margar\u00edn\u016f. Dok\u00e1\u017ee b\u00fdt toti\u017e p\u0159i pokojov\u00e9 teplot\u011b st\u00e1le tuh\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Obr\u00e1zek: Palmov\u00fd olej zauj\u00edm\u00e1 39 % v potravin\u00e1ch, krmivech a chemick\u00fd produktech, z toho 71 % tvo\u0159\u00ed potraviny.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Palmov\u00fd olej jako s\u016fl nad zlato?  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0158ekn\u011bme, \u017ee budeme p\u011bstovat palmov\u00fd olej i za \u00fa\u010delem k\u00e1cen\u00ed les\u016f. Jak velkou plochu bychom vyk\u00e1celi pro produkci palmov\u00e9ho oleje p\u0159i porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi oleji? Je to toti\u017e 5 x \u2013 10 x m\u00e9n\u011b!
Celosv\u011btov\u011b, plant\u00e1\u017ee pro palmov\u00fd olej zp\u016fsobili 2.3 % odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/strong>Problematika k\u00e1cen\u00ed se toti\u017e t\u00fdk\u00e1 tak\u00e9 d\u0159eva, k\u00e1vy, kakaa, atd \u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nen\u00ed palmov\u00fd olej jako palmov\u00fd olej<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tak\u017ee u\u017e te\u010f bychom mohli hodit su\u0161enky s n\u00e1zvem \u201ebez palmov\u00e9ho oleje\u201c<\/em> za hlavu. Ale jeliko\u017e se st\u00e1le produkce palmov\u00e9ho oleje zp\u016fsobuje k\u00e1cen\u00ed prales\u016f a nejen to, existuj\u00ed neziskov\u00e9 organizace pro produkci udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho palmov\u00e9ho oleje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Organizace RSPO (Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil) m\u00e1 za c\u00edl podporovat produkci palmov\u00e9ho oleje udr\u017eiteln\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. R\u016fst a produkce spl\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria pro ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody. Nap\u0159\u00edklad  certifik\u00e1t RSPO z\u00edsk\u00e1 takov\u00fd palmov\u00fd olej, jeho\u017e produkce nezp\u016fsobila k\u00e1cen\u00ed prales\u016f (bez d\u011btsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, atd \u2026) Na druhou stranu tato organizace sklidila velkou kritiku za to, \u017ee jejich \u201eudr\u017eiteln\u00fd palmov\u00fd olej\u201c je p\u011bstov\u00e1n tam, kde se pralesy vyskytovaly. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pralesy byly vyk\u00e1ceny u\u017e s jin\u00fdmi d\u016fvody u\u017e p\u0159ed r. 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eA proto sama RSPO nezastav\u00ed k\u00e1cen\u00ed\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Sv\u011btov\u00fd fond na ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody WWF (World Wide Fund). Ob\u011b tyto organizace pracuj\u00ed na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed kacen\u00ed prales\u016f s c\u00edlem sn\u00ed\u017eit odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed o 47% do roku 2030.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

WWF vytvo\u0159ila vyhled\u00e1va\u010d spot\u0159ebitel\u016f udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho oleje. M\u016f\u017eete v seznamu naj\u00edt jak\u00e1 firma pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 udr\u017eiteln\u00fd palmov\u00fd olej ZDE<\/a>. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Nestl\u00e9 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee od roku 2020 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 100 % udr\u017eiteln\u00fd palmov\u00fd olej.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vym\u011bnit su\u0161enku s palmov\u00fdm olejem za su\u0161enku s jin\u00fdm tukem nen\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Pokud u\u017e si su\u0161enku koup\u00edme, pr\u00e1v\u011b palmov\u00fdm olejem m\u016f\u017eeme podpo\u0159it ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u0161kody na \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm l\u00e9pe ne\u017e s n\u00e1hradou jin\u00e9ho tuku v potravin\u011b, jak jsme vid\u011bli na obr\u00e1zku v\u00fd\u0161e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Zdroje:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Gazzola, G. R., 2019. Sustainable Palm Oil May Not Be so Sustainable. Science of The total Environmental<\/em>, 652(20), pp. 48 – 51 .<\/li>
  2. Gazzola, G. R. & Alena, V., 2020. Certified \u2018Sustainable\u2019 Palm Oil Took the Place of Endangered Bornean and Sumatran Large Mammals Habitat and Tropical Forests in the Last 30 Years. Science of The Total Environment<\/em>, 742(10), p. 140712.<\/li>
  3. Meijaard, E., Garcia-Ulloa, J., Sheil, D. & Wich, S., 2018. Oil Palm and Biodiversity A Situation Analysis By The IUCN Oil Palm Task force.<\/em>
    Available at: https:\/\/portals.iucn.org\/library\/sites\/library\/files\/documents\/2018-027-En.pdf<\/li>
  4. National Geographic, 2018. Palm oil is unavoidable. Can it be sustainable?. <\/em>[Online]
    Available at: https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/magazine\/2018\/12\/palm-oil-products-borneo-africa-environment-impact\/<\/li>
  5. Rainforest, 2017. Palm oil.<\/em>
    Available at: https:\/\/www.rainforest-rescue.org\/topics\/palm-oil<\/li>
  6. Ruysschaert, D. & Salles , D., 2016. The Strategies and Effectiveness of Conservation NGOs in the Global Voluntary Standards: The Case of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm-Oil.. Conservation and Society<\/em>, 14(2), pp. 73 – 85.<\/li>
  7. WWF International, 2017. How can palm oil be more sustainable? The Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil and WWF’s role in it.<\/em>
    Available at: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=0Lev1mnonUM

    <\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed: 3 min.
    \n\u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se, \u017ee produkce palmov\u00e9ho oleje ni\u010d\u00ed pralesy. Jak tomu opravdu je a m\u00e1me se mu vyh\u00fdbat? <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":633,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"boxed-container","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[6,7,9,8],"class_list":["post-606","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vyziva","tag-ekologie","tag-palmovy-olej","tag-udrzitelnost","tag-vyziva"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nutricnipodpora.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/606","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nutricnipodpora.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nutricnipodpora.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nutricnipodpora.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nutricnipodpora.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=606"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/nutricnipodpora.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/606\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":754,"href":"https:\/\/nutricnipodpora.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/606\/revisions\/754"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nutricnipodpora.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/633"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nutricnipodpora.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=606"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nutricnipodpora.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=606"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nutricnipodpora.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=606"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}